Existentialism

I'm writing thise blog as a part of assignment assigned by our professor Dr.Dilip Barad sir. The main motive of thise blog is to know about how flip learning can be done and I'll dive into the topic and videos which I came across during thise flipped learning. 

■ About Flipped learning 

Flipped Learning is a pedagogical approach in which direct instruction moves from the group learning space to the individual learning space, and the resulting group pace is transformed into a dynamic, interactive learning environment where the educator guides students as they apply concepts and engage creatively in the subject matter. 

Flipped Learning shifts the classroom from passive to active learning, focusing on higher order thinking skills such as evaluating, analysing, and creating to engage students in learning. The approach relies on understanding the difference between information and knowledge acquisition, providing students with active learning possibilities. Students are given opportunities to take greater responsibility for their own learning. 

■ Existentialism 

Existentialism is the philosophical belief we are each responsible for creating purpose or meaning in our own lives. Our individual purpose and meaning is not given to us by Gods, governments, teachers or other authorities.

So, now I'll be discussing about some  of the learning outcomes from the video's which helped me to known much about the Existentialism. Here I'm sharing a link of all the Video.

Video 1

From these video the  things I like is that, some of the philosopher's like Albert Camus says that believing in God is philosophical suicide for them.

 

They all differ from their perspective but have the same believe on existentialism. There's a triangle of Individuality,  freedom and passion in existentialism.

Video 2

In these video it it is talked about the ' Myth of Sisyphus ' by Albert Camus, where he talked about ' An Absurd Reasoning '.

The one thing that I liked the most in these video is the sentence from the 2005 movie ' Stay ' , a thriller and mystery movie. Which says that "An elegant Suicide is  the ultimate work of art."

Video 3

The thought I like the most in these video is, Camus says in reply to Shestov's, that it is useless and there is nothing beyond reason. This is why Camus is not ready to call himself as existentialist instead he calls himself as Absurdist. 

The negation leads to suicide ' For existentialist negation is their god.

Video 4

Dadaism pushes an individual towards questioning the value which others have created.

Dadaism and Nihilism have nothing to do with each other. Dadaism was the response to WWI just as existentialism was the response to WWII. 

Video 5

In thise video I get to know about the Existentialism is that, it is a gloomy philosophy  and is narcissists philosophy.

 

Existentialism is not Nihilism. After WWII people left with despair it was such an situation that come to existentialism. 

Video 6 

The impressive information I found in these video is that, Nietzsche fails to realize that all suicide have the responsibility of fighting against the temptation of suicide these responsibility entails rebellion.

Camus wrote in his ' The Myth of Sisyphus ' and ' The Rebel ' to argue why rebellion is the only proper response to the absurdity of life.

Video 7

In these video it is said that, there's a rejection and problems in the All- Encompassing system. They do not adequately take into account what it it is like to be human. 

For as Nietzsche put it we are ultimately much to his children. ' Human all too human '. Existentialist stress that what we need most is not a dive perspective of the human condition but a human perspective. 

" Existence precedes Essence ". This idea was put forth by Jean - Paul Sartre in a 1945 lecture titled " Is Existentialism a Humanism."

Video 8

Nietzsche believed that there is no need to behave in a rules that we made and can make our own rules. In fact for deciding what's bad and what's good is a part of what Nietzsche called being an Ubermatch which is a German. 

Video 9

The best part about these video is that when Nietzsche said that, "Injustice and filth they throw after the lonely one: but, my brother, if you would be a star, you must not shine less for them because of that. And beware of the good and the just! They like to crucify those who invent their own virtue for themselves-they hate the lonely one." 

Video 10

In these video there are several thoughts such as, the literal meaning of life is whatever you're doing that prevents you from killing yourself.

The another one is, you might think that there's some authority you could look for answers, but all of authority you can think of is fake. 

There's also another one that is, if there are  no guideline for our actions, then each of us is forced to design our own moral code, to invent a morality to live by.

■ The video which I like the most and why.

The video which I liked the most is the 9th one which has a very impactful content which talks about the personal experience of an individual and is trying to give solution for their questions. These video very well talks about the human thought that says that everyone should think in a way which can make you do live life existentially.

● Top 10 things to know as an individual 

# Remember that you're born to a brilliant and terrifying universe.

# Build responsible community. 

# Recover the ability to play.

# Inhabitant the present moment. 

# Learn to live with passion. 

#  See how free you can be.

# Lay claim to your power in life.

# Start relating to the big picture. 

# Question what you have been told.

# Honor life difficult experiences. 

These are some of the attractive things about these video.

■ Learning outcome of these activity. 

First of all these is a very unique way of learning things individually without any disturbance. These activity taught me the things which I have never been gone through. These activity gave me a more clear concept about the existentialism philosophy. Now I can confidently share a proper information and knowledge about these concept. 

■ There are some questions which I has while watching the videos. 

1. How relevant are existentialist ideas regarding freedom, responsibility, and meaning-making in the context of contemporary issues like technological advancements and global challenges? Video 1

2. Dada artists often blurred the lines between artist and audience, inviting participation and challenging the traditional role of the artist as a creator. How did this approach impact the perception of the artist and their role in society? Video 4

3. How do the views of Nietzsche and Kierkegaard on individual freedom and responsibility differ, despite both being considered foundational figures in existentialism? Video 6

4. Dostoevsky's often grapple with existential themes, he himself held a strong Christian faith. How does this adjust with the secular nature of other existentialist thinkers? Video 7

5. Imagine a world where technology could perfectly fulfill all human desires, eliminating the need for individual struggle and choice. In this context, would existentialist concepts of freedom and responsibility still hold any meaning? Video 9

■ Conclusion 

The above given Flipped learning was a task in which I have talked much about existentialism. Whereas we can also find the difference amongst Dadaism and Nihilism. Some existentialist have suggested that it is essential for an individual to face their impending death.

Existentialist see a benefit to facing up to our morality. Existentialism is all about our ability to make free choices give us the chance to sculpt a unique essence for ourselves during the course of our lifetime.

Thank you🌻.

The Great Gatsby

I'm writing these blog as a part of thinking activity assigned by my professor Dr.Dilip Barad sir, in which I'm going to discuss about the Creative and Analytical Activities and I'll discuss some of the questions within it.

                               F. Scott Fitzgerald (1896-1940)

He was an American novelist, essayist, and short story writer best known for capg the spirit of the "Jazz Age" (a term he popularized) in his writing. His Famous novels are The Great Gatsby (considered a masterpiece), This Side of Paradise. Some of his short stories are "The Curious Case of Benjamin Button", "Babylon Revisited". His style includes various wealth, social life, and the pursuit of the American Dream also explored themes of love, loss, ambition, disillusionment, and the dark side of wealth and privilege. He is also known for his lyrical prose and insightful commentary on social issues.

He married to Zelda Sayre, a celebrated socialite and writer, known for their loud and public relationship. He also struggled with alcoholism and mental health issues throughout his life. He died at the age of 44.

                                       The Great Gatsby 

The Great Gatsby written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, is an archetypal American novel published in 1925. It tells the story of Nick Carraway, a young Midwesterner who arrives in Long Island in the summer of 1922, in the very middle of the roaring Jazz Age.

The play was set in the Long Island, New York, during the 1920s. The Nick Carraway was the narrator and a young aspiring writer. There are some main characters like the Jay Gatsby, who is a mysterious millionaire who use to give extravagant parties but has a hidden past. Then comes the Daisy Buchanan, she was Nick's cousin, a beautiful and wealthy aristocrat married to Tom Buchanan. Tom Buchana was Daisy's arrogant and flirtatious husband.

Nick gets intertwine in Gatsby's obsessive quest to win back Daisy, his lost love from five years ago. The story explores themes of love, loss, social class, wealth, and the American Dream. Also talks about the illusion of the American Dream and the emptiness of the wealth. And can see that how the destructive nature of the past and the impossibility of recapturing it.

The societal divisions between the old money aristocracy and the new money. The discontentment and moral decay of the Jazz Age.
The Great Gatsby has been adapted into several films and continues to be a popular choice for schools and book clubs.

■ Rewriting some of the key scenes from the novel in modern setting.

There are multiple powerful scenes in "The Great Gatsby," some of the most discussed and impactful scenes, which I'll discuss over here.

●Gatsby's meeting with Daisy at Nick's House

The novel focus from nostalgia and lost love to class conflict and social barriers. Instead of Gatsby desire for becoming rich for Daisy, he could be driven by a desire to expose the falseness of upper-class society. Daisy, rather than being clean away by Gatsby's tenderness, could be wary of his motives and torn between her comfortable life and a desire for something more.

Motivation would have made Gatsby's actions charged by a desire for social justice instead of just love. Daisy could be motivated by a mix of attraction and fear of societal backlash.

● At Hotel Plaza for confrontation 

In the novel we can see the destructive nature of toxic masculinity and entitlement instead of jealousy and betrayal. Tom Buchanan's actions could be moved for the need to maintain capabilities and superiority rather than simply protecting his marriage.

Instead of Tom getting angry by Gatsby's affair, he could be threatened by Gatsby's social scale and viewed challenge to his authority. Gatsby, instead of acting out of despair to protect Daisy, could have been expose Tom's corruption.

● Aftermath of Car Accident and Gatsby's Death

The novel focus on the consequences of wildness and the sudden nature of wealth and status. Daisy could be tortured with guilt not just for the accident but for her own choices and complicity of the tragedy.

 

Gatsby's death could serve as a cautionary tale about the emptiness of chasing material possessions. Whereas Daisy could make a genuine effort to help Gatsby after the accident, driven by guilt rather than self-protection. Gatsby is facing his own mortality, could reflect on the true cost of his obsession with the past. These are some of the scenes which would have been written in modern setting.

■ Analysis of Symbols.

● The Green Light

Located at the end of Daisy's dock, it represents Gatsby's unreachable dreams and desires, primarily his desire for Daisy and the past they shared. The distance across the water symbolizes the social and economic barriers separating him from the privileged world of East Egg.

 

Green also carries hidden meaning of hope, new beginnings, and wealth, but in this context, it becomes ultimately illusory and yet interesting.

● The Eyes of Doctor T.J. Eckleburg

The painting on a billboard overlooking the Valley of Ashes, they seem to gaze down with judgment and indifference. There are multiple interpretations like, the moral ambiguity represents God's absence or indifference towards the characters moral failings.

 

The Eyes of the past which is watching over the wasteland left by the American Dream's pursuit. The social and moral decay is offering amongst the hopelessness and discomfort or guidance.

• Parties of Gatsby 

The lavish and extravagant parties are Gatsby's attempt to impress Daisy and recapture the past. However, they are superficial and hollow, reflecting Gatsby's faked identity and manufactured persona.

 

The excessive display of wealth highlights the emptiness and moral corruption of the upper class. Parties symbolize the illusion of the American Dream, built on materialism and short pleasure.

• Valley of Ashes

Represents the moral and economic desolation caused by the pursuit of wealth. Moral decay represents the dark side of the roaring twenties, where wealth masks poverty and corruption. Depths of Wealth exposes the price of the American Dream - poverty and agony fueling the rich. Rich-Poor Divide physically and symbolically highlights the vast gap between rich and poor. The Valley serves as a cautionary tale, reminding us of the dark side of unchecked ambition and the true cost of the American Dream.

■ Exploring Historical context.

The 1920s, often referred to as the "Roaring Twenties," were a vibrant and contradictory era in American history. This context deeply influences the plot, characters, and themes of F. Scott Fitzgerald's seminal novel, "The Great Gatsby."

Economic Boom during the post-WWI era saw a sudden rise in the economy, leading to flaunting wealth and visible consumption. This is embodied in Gatsby's lavish parties and Jay Gatsby's relentless pursuit of wealth. Prohibition on alcohol created a booming black market and charge the rise of "nouveau riche" like Gatsby, whose fortune comes from bootlegging. During these the women gained suffrage, traditional values were challenged, and new freedoms were explored. This is reflected in Daisy Buchanan's confrontation of expectations and Nick Carraway's fascination with the East Egg lifestyle. During these the Jazz age, the Jazz music symbolized the era's energy, liberation, and cultural shifts. 

Impact on Characters & Plot 

Gatsby's Dream, the pursuit of the American Dream in a materialistic society is central. Gatsby's desire for Daisy, stoke up by nostalgia and wealth, ultimately leads to tragedy. The stark contrast between "old money" (Buchanans) and "new money" (Gatsby) highlights societal divisions and prejudice. Gatsby's inability to truly belong highlights the rigid class system.

Exploring themes 

Social Class and Mobility, the struggles of Gatsby and Nick highlight the difficulty of breaking into established social circles, even with immense wealth. The novel critiques the rigidity of the class system. We can see the loss of Innocence in Nick's disillusionment with the East Egg lifestyle represents the loss of innocence experienced by a generation grappling with social and moral change. The Past vs. the Present, where Gatsby's obsession with the past and his inability to accept the reality of the present leads to his downfall. The novel explores the tension between nostalgia and the ever-changing world.

■ Comparative Analysis.

Here's one novel "The Sun Also Rises" by Ernest Hemingway, which can be compared with the F.scott Fitzgerald ' The Great Gatsby' explores the "Lost Generation" disillusionment with post-WWI society, the pursuit of meaning and escape, and the destructive nature of nostalgia and clinging to the past. Both feature characters haunted by past romances and seeking relief in short pleasures.

The Sun Also Rises, was published in 1926, is Ernest Hemingway's debut novel and a landmark of American literature. It has a vivid picture of the disillusioned and restless "Lost Generation" in the aftermath of World War I.

The story follows a group of American and British expatriates living in Paris in the 1920s.
Narrated by Jake Barnes, a war retired soldier with a physical injury that affects his love life.
The group travels to Pamplona, Spain for the famous festival of San Fermín, known for its bull run and bullfighting. The story revolves around their relationships, heavy drinking, bullfighting, and the search for meaning in a world that seems to have lost its way.

It have themes of Disillusionment and loss of innocence due to the war's brutality. The struggle to find meaning and purpose in life. Love, loss, and unfulfilled desires. The dangers of addiction and excessive drinking. The contrast between traditional values and the modern world.

The nove has Characters like Jake Barnes the narrator, a cynical and tolerant observer of his friends' lives. Lady Brett Ashley, a beautiful and captivating woman, but emotionally unavailable. Robert Cohn, a young writer struggling with his love for Brett and his own insecurities. Pedro Romero, a young, talented bullfighter who becomes Brett's new love interest. Bill Gorton, a wealthy and carefree friend of Jake's, often seen as irresponsible.

Here we can see the similarity in the novel's themes and the agony of the characters and the circumstances which were becoming the hurdles in achieving their goal.

■ Conclusion:

Here in the above discussed points there is multiple Interpretations about the novel and the historical and cultural context of the 1920s into the material of his narrative, Fitzgerald creates a timeless story that resonates with readers across generations. "The Great Gatsby" reflects the contradictions and complexities of an era marked by both liberation and disillusionment, reminding us of the challenges and pitfalls associated with the pursuit of wealth, love, and the American Dream.

Thank you so much, I hope these would be helpful🌻.

 

Flipped learning of ' Trends and movements '

Hello readers! I'm writing thise blog as a part of flipped learning assigned by my Megha Ma'am. These include some of the questions which can be understood by watching some videos. So let's go through these activity. 

I have been discussing about the questions based on the link which I'm Sharing here Click here.

Q.1 What is Modernism? Explain the characteristics of modernism. 

Modernism is a broad intellectual and artistic movement that dominated the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It was a radical shift from traditional modes of thinking and creating, driven by a desire to reflect the complexities and upheavals of a rapidly changing world.

Characteristics of Modernism:

Modernists rebelled against the established artistic, literary, social, and philosophical belief they are considered as outdated in a modernizing society. They sought to redefine the very nature of art and its purpose. Their works explored the themes of alienation, isolation, and the dehumanizing effects of industrialization and enlarging metro environments.

Modernists think fractured narratives are free from verse poetry, stream-of-consciousness writing, abstract art, and unconventional musical structures. This shift is seen in works like James Joyce's Ulysses or Virginia Woolf's Mrs. Dalloway.

When we see examples of Modernism in Different Fields like in literature we saw James Joyce, T.S. Eliot, Virginia Woolf, Ezra Pound, Franz Kafka and in Art we can see Picasso.

Q.2 Explain 'Stream of Consciousness'.

Stream of consciousness started as a literary technique that aimed to portray a character's inner thoughts and feelings in a chaotic and unfiltered way. It reflects the natural flow of human thought, which often includes jumps between topics, incomplete sentences, broken ideas, and sensitive impressions.

This technique has roots in psychology, where "stream of consciousness" was how William James described the constant flow of thoughts, sensations, and emotions experienced by the mind.

Like there are some examples such as, when there's spread of absurd or humorous memes sometimes reflects a collective need for release or a form of social commentary within a specific moment. Movements like #MeToo or #Black Lives Matter have a chaotic and multifaceted nature reflecting deep-seated social and emotional tensions brought to the surface.

Q.3 what is Expressionism?

Expressionism was a powerful modernist artistic movement that arose in the early 20th century, primarily in Germany. Alternatively aiming to represent the external world with any kind of  objectivity, Expressionist artists tried to capture the raw emotions and inner confusion of the human experience. They used art as a tool for expressing intense feelings, often fear, anxiety, or a sense of separation brought on by the rapid societal changes of the time.

Expressionists placed massive focus on the artist's inner world, their subjective perception of reality. To convey emotional intensity, Expressionist artists intentionally broke free from realistic representation. They employed exaggerated forms, flowing brushstrokes, and vibrating, unnatural colors.

The art reflected the social unrest and cultural negativity widespread during its time. Expressionism extended beyond painting and sculpture to encompass diverse fields such as literature, drama, architecture, music, and even film. Expressionists explored the depths of the human psyche, depicting themes around fear, anxiety, obsession, and madness.

Q.4 what is Absurdism? 

Absurdism is a literary and philosophical movement that emerged in the mid-20th century, largely influenced by the aftermath of World War II and its accompanying sense of disillusionment.  It explores the fundamental conflict between the human desire for meaning, order, and purpose, and the inherent meaninglessness, irrationality, and chaos of the universe.

Absurdist works on highlighting the conflict between our search for meaning and the universe's indifference. Characters often struggle with existential questions about life, death, and the vanity of human. Plots often lack traditional structure and rely on illogical or dreamlike sequences. 

Absurdist works use humor and irony to underscore the absurdity of existence and question traditional notions of meaning and purpose.

There are some famous Absurdist Works and Authors, the novel 'The Stranger' by Albert Camus, The Trial by Franz Kafka and Waiting for Godot by Samuel Beckett, Catch-22 by Joseph Heller.

Q.5 Explain Surrealism.

Surrealism is an art and cultural movement that developed in Europe in the aftermath of World War I in which artists aimed to allow the unconscious mind to express itself, often resulting in the depiction of illogical or dreamlike scenes and ideas. It produced works of painting, writing, theatre, filmmaking, photography, and other media as well.

The term "Surrealism" originated with Guillaume Apollinaire in 1917. However, the Surrealist movement was not officially established until after October 1924, when the Surrealist Manifesto published by French poet and critic André Breton succeeded in claiming the term for his group over a rival faction led by Yvan Goll, who had published his own surrealist manifesto two weeks prior. From the 1920s onward, the movement spread around the globe, impacting the visual arts, literature, film, and music of many countries and languages, as well as political thought and practice, philosophy, and social theory.

Q.6 Explain Postmodernism.

 It's a departure from the ideals of Modernism, a movement that emphasized reason, progress, universal truths, and the power of science and technology to improve the world.

Postmodernism challenges overarching explanations that defined Modernism, such as the belief in linear progress, the supremacy of reason, or the existence of universal truths. It  argues that there's no single, objective truth. Instead, knowledge and meaning are seen as constantly shifting and shaped by individual perspectives, social contexts, and language.

The thinkers focus on how power structures operate within society, often through language and cultural representations. They highlight how seemingly neutral concepts may serve to maintain existing power imbalances.

Postmodernism challenges the traditional view of the author as the ultimate authority over a work's meaning. It argues that the reader's role is equally important in shaping interpretation.

Postmodern architecture rejects the seriousness and functionalism of Modernism, opting for playfulness, eclecticism, and historical references.

Postmodernism is not without its critics. Some common criticisms are Critics, they argue that its rejection of universal truths that can lead to relativism where all viewpoints are considered equally valid, regardless of their merits, or even to nihilism (belief in nothingness).

Q.7  Define Modernism.

Modernism was a period of radical change and a deliberate turning away from traditional ways of thinking and creating.

Modernists broke away from conventional forms in art, literature, and architecture. They experimented with new styles, techniques, and perspectives. The focus shifted from the external world to the individual's inner experience, leading to stream of consciousness.

Modernists moved away from realistic depictions of the world, favoring more abstract and symbolic representations.

Q.8  What is Dada Movement?

Dada was an avant-garde art movement that emerged in the early 20th century, primarily as a response to the horrors and disillusionment of World War I.

Dada artists rejected traditional notions of art, logic, reason, and the prevailing social order. Dadaism manifested itself in a wide range of artistic forms, including performance art, poetry, collage, sculpture, photography, and even sound poetry.

The anti-establishment movement was passionately anti-war, anti-bourgeois, and held political connections to the radical left.

Dada's spirit of rebellion, its focus on the unconventional, and its emphasis on ideas over aesthetics continued to influence later art movements, including conceptual art and performance art. There are some notable Dada Artists like, Hugo Ball, Marcel Duchamp and Tristan Tzara etc.

Q.9 What is Comedy of Menace? 

The "comedy of menace" is a genre of plays characterized by a unique blend of humor and suspense. The term was first coined by drama critic Irving Wardle in 1958, inspired by the subtitle of David Campton's play "The Lunatic View: A Comedy of Menace."

These plays weave elements of humor, often through absurd situations or witty dialogue, alongside an underlying sense of danger and menace.

The genre is most commonly associated with the works of playwright Harold Pinter, whose plays like "The Birthday Party" and "The Caretaker" are prime examples.

Q.10 What is the Avant-Garde?

The term "avant-garde" is French for "advance guard" or "vanguard." It refers to people or works that are innovative, experimental, and push boundaries.

In the arts, the avant-garde challenges traditional ideas about what art should be and how it should be made. The movements can encompass various disciplines including visual arts, music, literature, film, and theater.

Avant-garde artists rebelled against established aesthetics and cultural norms. They experimented with new techniques, forms, and ideas, often shocking audiences and critics. The avant-garde often had a strong social or political message, aiming to critique society or bring about change.

Conclusion:

We all have our own flow of emotions and expressions which arise out of various thought processes. As the flow of a river ultimately meets the Ocean our emotions and expressions meet ultimately to our thoughts and by deep thinking we many a time come to the conclusion why we are thinking of any particular thing or topic and flow of thinking. 

Thinking task of Vita and Virginia

Hello everyone! I'm writing this blog a part of thinking activity assigned by Vaidehi ma'am. In these blog I'm going to discuss about the 2018 movie Vita and Virginia which we have in our syllabus as a part of academic studies. 

                                              Vita and Virginia 

Vita and Virginia is a story of the romance between Vita Sackville-West (Gemma Arterton) and Virginia Woolf (Elizabeth Debicki). Both were novelists and the vulnerable Woolf and the flamboyant West made for a troubled relationship. Every now and then there is a film that delivers on all levels, this being one. Sharing the real life love or friendship of Virginia and Vita, Vita & Virginia is a delicious and beautiful piece of cinematography. It reaches deep into the senses. They first meet at a party where Virginia is dressed in male Elizabethan costume, bringing to mind Tilda swinton in Orlando. The novel Orlando by Woolf was inspired by her affair and friendship with Vita. Director and co-writer Chanya Buttons delivers an interesting snapshot of a period in Woolf's life, the Bloomsbury set and the decadence of the British Ruling Class in the 1920s.

Q. Who do you think is initiating the relationship, Vita or Virginia? Who do you think is taking advantage of this relationship?

The question of who initiates the relationship in the film is a bit ambiguous. Both Virginia and Vita seem to be drawn to each other from the moment they meet. However, the Vita was the one who was attracted towards Virginia, it is very clear that the relationship is intense and passionate from the beginning.

When it comes to who takes advantage of the relationship, it is again difficult to say definitively. Virginia was the one who takes advantage of Vita seem to benefit from the relationship in different ways. Virginia finds in Vita a confidante and muse who inspires her writing. Vita finds in Virginia an intellectual equal and a source of emotional support.

Q. Who do you think is confused about their identity Vita or Virginia? Explain with illustration. 

Vita struggles with societal expectations as a married woman, yearning for creative freedom and expression. Feels restricted by her upper-class upbringing and social obligations. She also sails same-sex desires and explores them with Virginia, challenging societal norms and grappling with internalized societal judgments. She also resists the variation between her public persona and her true self. This struggle is illustrated in a scene where she breaks down crying when Virginia describes how she sees her, realizing the difference between her own perception and others'.

Virginia questions her place as a writer, battling self-doubt and insecurity despite achieving literary success and struggles to separate her personal life. She expresses soreness with societal expectations of femininity and explores concepts of gender fluidity through her writing and personal thoughts. This is shown in her fascination with Orlando, a character who transcends gender boundaries.

However, viewing their experiences as confusion it would be crucial to understand that Vita and Virginia struggles with different aspects of identity. Vita focuses more on societal and social identity challenges, while Virginia's struggles relate heavily to creative and personal identity complexities.

Q. What is society's thought about women and identity? Do you agree with them? If yes then why? If no then why? 

The portrayal of society's views on women and identity is delicate and reflects the complexities of the early 20th century. Women were expected to conform to certain roles and behaviors, and those who didn't were often rejected. Sackville-West, for example, was seen as unconventional and even scandalous for her bisexual lifestyle. Woolf, on the other hand, struggled with mental illness and societal expectations of femininity.

I totally agree with the film's view that women have their own freedom and are free to live the life they want to. Ultimately it leaves up to the individual to decide how much they agree with society's views on women and identity. It is a complex issue with no easy answers, and the film does not shy away from showing the challenges that Sackville-West and Woolf faced. However, it does provide a thought-provoking exploration of the complexities of gender and identity in society.

Q. Write a note on your observations of the society during that era.

The 1920s, often called the "Roaring Twenties," were a time of significant social change. This included the growing independence of women, and the rise of consumerism. 1920 marked the culmination of a long struggle for women's suffrage, granting women the right to vote nationwide in the United States. This had a profound impact on society, particularly for women themselves.

The 1920s also saw the emergence of new art forms, music styles like jazz, and literary movements. This era is often idealized as a time of liberation and excitement. Despite looking from outer arrival of prosperity and change, the 1920s were not without their problems. Racial and class inequalities persisted, and the decade ended with the devastating stock market crash of 1929.

Over here, I would like to give example of the novel the 'The Great Gatsby' by F.Scott Fitzgerald which I'm currently studying as it is a part of my syllabus, in which it is talked about the 'Roaring Twenties', in that novel we can see the women who loves luxurious life and also are bold enough in playing sports. 

Q.Write a note on the direction of the movie. Which symbols and space caught your attention while watching the movie?

Mirrors become general, reflecting not just physical beauty but the complexities of desire and self-doubt. Vita when mirrored in her room, where she first catch the imagination of Virginia, becomes a strong symbol of their connection. Then it represents the fractured nature of their relationship, leaving us pondering the true depth of their reflection in each other's lives.

Going to the Virginia's writing room, sunlight paases from vibrant floral wallpaper, a pure contrast to the barren land where she battles mental illness. These contrasting spaces highlight the difference between Virginia's creation of haven and the societal restrain that threaten. The concept of flowers, particularly Virginia's interest in orchids, signifies both charmeness and weakness, reflecting the nature of their love.

Q."Vita and Virginia" had to be made into a Bollywood Adaptation, who do you think would be fit for the role of Vita and Virginia?

According to me I have two actresses which would go as Vita and Virginia.

The Samantha Ruth Prabhu and Taapsee Pannu  are the two actresses which would fit according to me.

Conclusion:-

"Vita and Virginia" explores the complex dynamics of love, identity, and societal expectations through the lens of Vita Sackville-West and Virginia Woolf's relationship. While the starting of their romance remains obscure, both women find comfort and inspiration in each other among the societal constraints of the 1920s. The film expressively portrays society's rigid views on women and identity, challenging viewers to question and reflect upon these norms. Set against the environment of the "Roaring Twenties," the movie captures the era's  cheerfulness and mystery, symbolized through motifs like mirrors and floral imagery.

Here I'm sharing some useful videos, which would help you to understand more. 

I hope these would be helpful.

Thank you🌻.

Reference:

https://vaidehi09.blogspot.com/2022/01/movie-screening-vita-and-virginia-by.html.

The Watse land by T.S.Eliot

In these blog I'll be discussing about the longest poem of T.S.Eliot 'The Waste Land.'

Introduction of the poem:

1. The Burial of the Dead:

Introduces the poem's central theme of spiritual weakness and loss. On contrast contemporary scenes of London with references to fertility myths and rituals, highlighting the contrast. Ends with the haunting question, "April is the cruellest month, breeding / Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing / Memory and desire, stirring / Dull roots with spring rain."

2. A Game of Chess:

Shifts focus to London's high society, portraying shallow lives defined by boredom and emptiness. Uses the metaphor of a chess game to symbolize the predetermined and meaningless nature of existence. Features the famous Tiresias monologue, blurring gender and time to offer fragmented truths about life and death.

3. The Fire Sermon:

A philosophical meditation on lust, greed, and spiritual decay. Draws heavily on the Buddhist concept of "Datta, Dayadhvam, Damyata" (Give, Sympathize, Control) to offer potential paths to salvation. Offers glimpses of fertility rites and myths, hinting at possibilities for renewal.

4. Death by Water:

Shortest section, presenting a sailor's monologue filled with fear and regret. Represents the isolation and spiritual death in the modern world. Ends with the powerful symbol of the drowned Phoenician trader, evoking themes of sacrifice and lost meaning.

5. What the Thunder Said:

Climax of the poem's exploration of shattering and loss. Utilizes myths and rituals from various cultures to search for spiritual wholeness. Ends with the inconclusive and broken pronouncement, "Datta. Dayadhvam. Damyata. Shantih shantih shantih" (Give, Sympathize, Control. Peace peace peace), offering a potential, yet mysterious, path to spiritual peace.

Q.1 What are your views on the after reading of images of 'The Waste Land'? Do you think that Eliot is regressive as compared to Nietzsche's views? Or has Eliot achieved universality of thoughts by recalling thye mytho-historical answers to contemporary malaise?

T.S. Eliot's "The Waste Land" paints a portrait of spiritual barrenness through jarring and disjointed images. The poem opens with a "heap of broken images," setting the stage for a fragmented landscape. Dry Thames water, Tiresias' fragmented vision, and tarot cards create a mosaic of despair, reflecting the poem's core themes of societal and individual fragmentation in the post-WWI era.

These images aren't merely descriptive; they act as symbols that resonate with deeper meanings. The "Unreal City" evokes alienation and spiritual void, while the Fisher King's land reflects societal decay. Juxtapositions, like the juxtaposition of fertility myths with barren landscapes, highlight the poem's central tension: the yearning for renewal versus the harsh reality of emptiness.

Eliot vs. Nietzsche:

Both Eliot and Nietzsche grapple with the disillusionment and loss of meaning following WWI and the questioning of traditional values. They explore themes of collapsed, spiritual emptiness, and the search for redemption.

While Nietzsche offers a radical critique of established norms and embraces a heroic individualism, Eliot seeks a more complex and multifaceted understanding of the human condition. He looks to myth and tradition for potential answers, even if ultimately finding them inadequate.

Universality of Eliot's Thoughts:

The poem's heavy reliance on Western myth and history limits its direct universality. However, its exploration of detachment, hopelessness, and the search for meaning resonates with readers across cultures who clash with indistinguishable concern.

Nevertheless of cultural context, themes like the loss of faith, the cycle of life and death, and the desire for spiritual renewal remain relevant to diverse audiences.

Q.2 prior to the speech, Gustaf Hallstrom of the Swedish Academy made these remarks ( Read these blog ) what are your views regarding these comments? Is it true that giving free vent to the repressed 'Primitive instinct ' leads us to a happy and satisfied life? Or do you agree with Eliot's view that ' Salvation of man lies in the preservation of the cultural traditions'?

Gustaf Hellstrom and T.S. Eliot offer two contrasting views on the nature of human happiness and fulfillment. Hellstrom suggests that giving free vent to our "primitive instincts" leads to a happy and satisfied life, while Eliot believes that salvation lies in the preservation of cultural tradition.

Both perspectives have their merits. On the one hand, there is a certain appeal to the idea of casting off societal constraints and embracing our natural desires. This can lead to a sense of liberation and connection to our basic nature. On the other hand, cultural traditions provide us with a framework for meaning and purpose, and they can help us to connect with something larger than ourselves.

Study published in the journal Nature Human Behaviour, people who report higher levels of satisfaction with their lives are also more likely to report feeling a sense of connection to their cultural traditions. The study's authors suggest that this connection may provide a sense of belonging and purpose, which can contribute to overall well-being.

No matter how, it is important to note that connection does not equal to reason. It is possible that people who are already happy with their lives are more likely to seek out and connect with their cultural traditions, rather than that this connection is itself the cause of their happiness.

Both perspectives have their merits, and the best approach may vary from person to person.

Q.3 Write about allusion to Indian thoughts in 'The Waste Land'.( Where, how and why are the Indian thought referred?)

These is a complex and fragmented poem that draws inspiration from various cultures and philosophies. Among these, Indian thought plays a significant role, offering potential solutions to the spiritual wasteland depicted in the poem. Here are some specific examples of how and why Eliot incorporates Indian references:

The Three Sanskrit Sutras

In the section "What the Thunder Said," Eliot directly uses the three Sanskrit words Datta (Give), Dayadhvam (Sympathize), and Damyata (Control). These sutras originate from the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad and represent essential Hindu virtues for achieving spiritual progress. They offer a path out of the wasteland's barrenness and spiritual emptiness.

References to the Fire Sermon

The section "The Fire Sermon" heavily borrows from the Buddhist text Dhammapada, particularly the section known as the Fire Sermon. This Buddhist teaching critiques materialistic desires and emphasizes detachment as the path to liberation. This reflects the poem's overall theme of spiritual renewal and escaping the cycle of dissatisfaction.

Allusions to the Bhagavad Gita

There is a parallel line between the poem's broken structure and the multiple voices and perspectives of the Bhagavad Gita. Additionally, the poem's emphasis on duty, self-knowledge, and spiritual enlightenment imitates themes explored in the Gita.

Use of the Ganges and Himalayas

References to the Ganges River and the Himalayas appear in the poem, symbolizing spiritual purity and potential revival. Their inclusion suggests a longing for escape from the wasteland and a search for higher meaning.

Why Does Eliot Use Indian Thought?

Eliot's interest in Indian philosophy stemmed from his fascination with Eastern traditions and their potential to offer alternative perspectives on the modern world's spiritual crisis. He saw Hinduism and Buddhism as offering holistic approaches to understanding the human condition and achieving spiritual fulfillment. In contrast to the fragmented and disconnected Western world depicted in the poem, Indian thought presents a potential path towards order, meaning, and peace.

Generally, the allusions to Indian thought in "The Waste Land" are not merely decorative but serve a crucial thematic purpose. They offer glimpses of alternative modes of understanding the world and suggest possibilities for spiritual renewal amidst the poem's desolate landscape.

It's important to note that there are different interpretations of the poem and its use of Indian thought. Some scholars emphasize the direct connections to specific texts and philosophies, while others see it as a more general influence on the poem's overall tone and themes. Regardless of the specific interpretation, understanding these allusions enriches our appreciation of the poem's depth and complexity.

Q.4 Is it possible to read 'The Waste Land' as a pandemic poem? 

Unfortunately, "The Waste Land" wasn't categorized as a "pandemic poem" when it was written in 1922. While it can resonate with pandemic experiences due to its thematic elements, it wasn't directly inspired by one. That being said, we can still compare its themes to recent pandemics for interesting insights:

There were certain similarities, like the poem's miserable landscapes and fragmented narrative, recent pandemics have caused lockdowns, travel restrictions, and disruptions to daily life, leading to feelings of isolation and social disconnection.

The immense loss of life and disruption to societal norms during pandemics mirror the poem's themes of loss of faith, love, and meaning. Both "The Waste Land" and pandemic experiences evoke deep emotions of fear, uncertainty, and a sense of grappling with the unknown.

Example:

COVID-19: The poem's references to empty cities, fear, and fragmented information resonate with the early days of COVID-19 lockdowns and the constant stream of news and updates.

 Each pandemic occurs in a different cultural and historical context, shaping the specific anxieties and experiences involved. While "The Waste Land" reflects broad societal anxieties, specific pandemics might have unique cultural and economic impacts not captured in the poem.

Conclusion:

Drawing parallels between "The Waste Land" and recent pandemics offers a thought-provoking way to analyze the poem's enduring relevance and understand how literature can reflect and illuminate universal human experiences even across different historical contexts. 

There's a video lecture of my professor Dr.Dilip Barad sir and these would surely be helpful. 

Thank you, have a happy learning🌻